羊毛甾醇
细胞色素 P450 51A1 (英語:Cytochrome P450 27A1 ,缩写CYP51A1 )也被称为羊毛甾醇-14α-脱甲基酶 (Lanosterol 14α-demethylase ,EC 1.14.14.154 ),是细胞色素P450 超家族的一员,在人类基因组 中由CYP51A1 基因编码,可催化带有14α甲基的甾醇 (如羊毛甾醇 )去甲基化并D环上的C14-C15脱氢生成对应的甾醇(如4,4-二甲基胆甾-8(9),14,24-三烯-3β-醇)[ 6] 。在后鞭毛生物 (包括动物 和真菌 )的胆固醇 合成中,CYP51A1催化2,3-环氧鲨烯 成环后的第一步反应,是参与甾体生成 的第一个CYP酶[ 7] 。
CYP51A1催化羊毛甾醇三次发生加氧反应,生成对应产物
CYP51A1所属的CYP51家族是进化上较保守的家族[ 8] ,在功能上都催化对应甾醇的14α脱甲基化[ 9] ,在真核域 和细菌域 中都广泛存在,但不同生物界 之间CYP51的相似性只有22-30%[ 10] 。
^ 對cytochrome P450 family 51 subfamily A member 1起作用的藥物;在維基數據上查看/編輯參考 .
^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000001630 - Ensembl , May 2017
^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000001467 - Ensembl , May 2017
^ Human PubMed Reference: . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Mouse PubMed Reference: . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Metabocard for 4,4-Dimethylcholesta-8,14,24-trienol (HMDB01023) . Human Metabolome Database. February 2014 [2020-04-18 ] . (原始内容存档 于2017-12-26).
^ Lepesheva GI, Waterman MR. Sterol 14alpha-demethylase cytochrome P450 (CYP51), a P450 in all biological kingdoms . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. March 2007, 1770 (3): 467–77. PMC 2324071 . PMID 16963187 . doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2006.07.018 .
^ Lepesheva GI, Waterman MR. CYP51--the omnipotent P450. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. February 2004, 215 (1–2): 165–70. PMID 15026190 . doi:10.1016/j.mce.2003.11.016 .
^ Becher R, Wirsel SG. Fungal cytochrome P450 sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51) and azole resistance in plant and human pathogens. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. August 2012, 95 (4): 825–40. PMID 22684327 . doi:10.1007/s00253-012-4195-9 .
^ Lepesheva GI, Waterman MR. Structural basis for conservation in the CYP51 family . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. January 2011, 1814 (1): 88–93. PMC 2962772 . PMID 20547249 . doi:10.1016/j.bbapap.2010.06.006 .
CYP1 CYP2 CYP3 CYP4 CYP5-20 CYP21-49 CYP51-69 CYP101-281 CYP301-499