羊毛甾醇
細胞色素 P450 51A1 (英語:Cytochrome P450 27A1 ,縮寫CYP51A1 )也被稱為羊毛甾醇-14α-脫甲基酶 (Lanosterol 14α-demethylase ,EC 1.14.14.154 ),是細胞色素P450 超家族的一員,在人類基因組 中由CYP51A1 基因編碼,可催化帶有14α甲基的甾醇 (如羊毛甾醇 )去甲基化並D環上的C14-C15脫氫生成對應的甾醇(如4,4-二甲基膽甾-8(9),14,24-三烯-3β-醇)[ 6] 。在後鞭毛生物 (包括動物 和真菌 )的膽固醇 合成中,CYP51A1催化2,3-環氧鯊烯 成環後的第一步反應,是參與甾體生成 的第一個CYP酶[ 7] 。
CYP51A1催化羊毛甾醇三次發生加氧反應,生成對應產物
CYP51A1所屬的CYP51家族是進化上較保守的家族[ 8] ,在功能上都催化對應甾醇的14α脫甲基化[ 9] ,在真核域 和細菌域 中都廣泛存在,但不同生物界 之間CYP51的相似性只有22-30%[ 10] 。
^ 對cytochrome P450 family 51 subfamily A member 1起作用的藥物;在維基數據上查看/編輯參考 .
^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000001630 - Ensembl , May 2017
^ 3.0 3.1 3.2 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000001467 - Ensembl , May 2017
^ Human PubMed Reference: . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Mouse PubMed Reference: . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Metabocard for 4,4-Dimethylcholesta-8,14,24-trienol (HMDB01023) . Human Metabolome Database. February 2014 [2020-04-18 ] . (原始內容存檔 於2017-12-26).
^ Lepesheva GI, Waterman MR. Sterol 14alpha-demethylase cytochrome P450 (CYP51), a P450 in all biological kingdoms . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. March 2007, 1770 (3): 467–77. PMC 2324071 . PMID 16963187 . doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2006.07.018 .
^ Lepesheva GI, Waterman MR. CYP51--the omnipotent P450. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. February 2004, 215 (1–2): 165–70. PMID 15026190 . doi:10.1016/j.mce.2003.11.016 .
^ Becher R, Wirsel SG. Fungal cytochrome P450 sterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51) and azole resistance in plant and human pathogens. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. August 2012, 95 (4): 825–40. PMID 22684327 . doi:10.1007/s00253-012-4195-9 .
^ Lepesheva GI, Waterman MR. Structural basis for conservation in the CYP51 family . Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. January 2011, 1814 (1): 88–93. PMC 2962772 . PMID 20547249 . doi:10.1016/j.bbapap.2010.06.006 .
CYP1 CYP2 CYP3 CYP4 CYP5-20 CYP21-49 CYP51-69 CYP101-281 CYP301-499