电脑支持的协同工作
外观
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电脑支持的协同工作(Computer Supported Cooperative Work,缩写为CSCW)最早由美国麻省理工的Irene Greif和迪吉多(DEC)的Paul Cashman在1984年提出的。
历史
[编辑]于1984年由麻省理工学院的Iren Greif与迪吉多的Paul Cashman在成立有关“科技在团队工作中扮演角色之工作坊”中提出(Grudin, 1994a)。目前虽未有完整统一定义,但可大致归纳出三种观点(Borghoff & Schlichter, 2000; 转引自黄钰棠,2007):
- 表示电脑辅助团队工作(Computer-Supported Teamwork)。以团队观点出发,目的在于辅助团体工作之过程。
- 表示电脑辅助合作工作,着重“合作”之观点。在社会心理学中,被解释为许多人为达到一共同目标,而有相互关系的工作,但此观点对于团队中的社会关系未进一步陈述假设。
- 表示电脑辅助有系统的活动(Computer Support for Organized Activities)。此观点强调解决一个任务,通常需要兼顾合作与个人的工作元素,因此强调一个CSCW的解释,若完全忽视个人工作,其定义是不正确的。
CSCW矩阵
[编辑]于1988年,Johansen提出了可用于把CSCW分类的矩阵。
学校
[编辑]同时/异地
[编辑]遥距交流
异时/同地
[编辑]持续性的工作
异时/异地
[编辑]沟通与协作
参考文献
[编辑]- 黄钰棠(2007)。大型多人在线角色扮演型游戏中团队合作过程之资讯察觉研究。国立交通大学传播研究所硕士论文。台湾,新竹。
- Bannon, L. and K. Schmidt (1991). CSCW - four characters in search of a context. Studies in computer supported cooperative work - theory, practice and design. J. M. Bowers and S. Benford. Amsterdam, North Holland.
- Bordeau, J. and B. Wasson (1997). Orchestrating collaboration in collaborative telelearning. Artificial intelligence in education. B. Boulay and R. Mizoguchi, IOS Press: 565-567.
- Brehmer, B. (1991). Distributed decision making: some notes on the literature. Distributed decision making : cognitive models for cooperative work. J. Rasmussen, B. Brehmer and J. Leplat. Chichester, England ; New York, Wiley.
- Carstensen, P. H. and K. Schmidt (2002). Computer supported cooperative work: New challenges to systems design. Handbook of Human Factors. K. Itoh. Tokyo, [in press].
- Coleman, D. and R. Khanna (1995). Groupware : technologies and applications. Upper Saddle River, NJ, Prentice Hall PTR.
- Dillenbourg, P., M. Baker, A. Blaye and C. O’Malley (1995). The Evolution of Research on Collaborative Learning. Learning in humans and machines. Towards an interdisciplinary learning science. P. Reimann and H. Spada. London, Pergamon: 189-211.
- Ellis, C. A., S. J. Gibbs and G. L. Rein (1991). "Groupware: some issues and experiences." Communications of the ACM 34(1): 38-59.
- Ellis, C. A., S. J. Gibbs and G. L. Rein (1993). Groupware some issues and experiences. Readings in groupware and computer-supported cooperative work. R. M. Baecker, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Inc.
- Grudin, J. (1994). "Computer-supported cooperative work: Its history and participation." IEEE Computer 27(5): 19-26.
- Wilson, P. (1991). Computer supported cooperative work : an introduction. Oxford, England Norwell, MA, Intellect ; Sold and distributed in the U.S.A. and Canada by Kluwer Academic Publishers.
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