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鳞足螺

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鳞足螺
科学分类 编辑
界: 动物界 Animalia
门: 软体动物门 Mollusca
纲: 腹足纲 Gastropoda
科: Peltospiridae科 Peltospiridae
属: 鳞足螺属 Chrysomallon
Chen, Linse, Copley & Rogers, 2015
种:
鳞足螺 C. squamiferum
二名法
Chrysomallon squamiferum
Chen, Linse, Copley & Rogers, 2015[2]
异名[2]
  • Crysomallon squamiferum(拼写错误)

鳞足螺(学名:Chrysomallon squamiferum),又名鳞角腹足蜗牛[3],是一种生活在深海热泉海螺,属于Peltospiridae英语Peltospiridae科的海洋腹足纲软体动物物种[2],也是鳞足螺属Chrysomallon)的单型种。本物种不单与其他深海腹足纲物种相异甚远,就连同属Neomphaloidea总科的物种亦与之相异甚远[4]。2019年,因深海资源开发将对热泉区带来的环境影响,它以濒危(endangered,指很可能会绝灭的物种)[5]的级别被列入国际自然保护联盟(IUCN)的濒危物种红色名录[6][7]

螺壳虽然亦是与其他腹足纲物种一样由三层组成,但部分的化学构成有所不同:最外一层由硫化铁组成,中间一层相当于其他物种的有机外壳膜,而最里层则由霰石构成。其腹足亦很特别,裹有矿物化了的铁构成的鳞甲。这亦是本物种的名称由来。

其异常大的食道腺住有共生性Γ-变形菌,;而其心脏按其身体体型与其他动物来比较亦是异常的大,占了整个身体的4%体积[4]

习性

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两种形态的鳞角腹足蜗牛

其生活在印度洋海域2400米到2800米深的深海热泉[2]。该物种被首次发现于2001年,位于印度洋中洋脊2420米深深海热泉的黑色海底烟柱旁[8]。该物种随后也在Solitaire与Longqi区域被发现[9][10][11]

注释

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参考文献

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This article incorporates Creative Commons (CC-BY-4.0) text from references[4][12][13] and CC-BY-2.5 text from the reference[14]

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  2. ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Chen, Chong; Linse, Katrin; Copley, Jonathan T.; Rogers, Alex D. The 'scaly-foot gastropod': a new genus and species of hydrothermal vent-endemic gastropod (Neomphalina: Peltospiridae) from the Indian Ocean. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 2015, 81 (3): 322–334 [2015-10-26]. doi:10.1093/mollus/eyv013. (原始内容存档于2016-07-13). 
  3. ^ 外海:鱗角腹足蝸牛. 生命無奇不有!:海、河、湖的怪奇生物圖鑑. 台湾东贩股份有限公司. 2017-10-01: 144–145. ISBN 978-986-475-475-5 (中文(繁体)). 
  4. ^ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Chen, Chong; Copley, Jonathan T.; Linse, Katrin; Rogers, Alex D.; Sigwart, Julia D. The heart of a dragon: 3D anatomical reconstruction of the 'scaly-foot gastropod' (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Neomphalina) reveals its extraordinary circulatory system. Frontiers in Zoology. 2015, 12: 13. PMC 4470333可免费查阅. PMID 26085836. doi:10.1186/s12983-015-0105-1可免费查阅. 
  5. ^ The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. [2019-07-28]. (原始内容存档于2020-03-04). 
  6. ^ Sigwart, Julia D.; Chen, Chong; Thomas, Elin A.; Allcock, A. Louise; Böhm, Monika; Seddon, Mary. Red Listing can protect deep-sea biodiversity. Nature Ecology & Evolution. 2019-07-22 [2019-07-28]. ISSN 2397-334X. doi:10.1038/s41559-019-0930-2. (原始内容存档于2020-11-18) (英语). 
  7. ^ Lambert, Jonathan. Ocean snail is first animal to be officially endangered by deep-sea mining. Nature. 2019-07-22, 571: 455 [2019-07-28]. doi:10.1038/d41586-019-02231-1. (原始内容存档于2020-06-14) (英语). 
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  14. ^ Nakamura, Kentaro; Watanabe, Hiromi; Miyazaki, Junichi; Takai, Ken; Kawagucci, Shinsuke; Noguchi, Takuro; Nemoto, Suguru; Watsuji, Tomo-o; Matsuzaki, Takuya; Shibuya, Takazo; Okamura, Kei; Mochizuki, Masashi; Orihashi, Yuji; Ura, Tamaki; Asada, Akira; Marie, Daniel; Koonjul, Meera; Singh, Manvendra; Beedessee, Girish; Bhikajee, Mitrasen; Tamaki, Kensaku; Schnur, Joel M. Discovery of New Hydrothermal Activity and Chemosynthetic Fauna on the Central Indian Ridge at 18°–20°S. PLOS ONE. 2012, 7 (3): e32965. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...732965N. PMC 3303786可免费查阅. PMID 22431990. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0032965可免费查阅.