长葡萄螺科

长葡萄螺科
	live Haminoea sp.
	A shell of Haminoea zelandiae（英语：Haminoea zelandiae）
科学分类
界：	动物界 Animalia
门：	软体动物门 Mollusca
纲：	腹足纲 Gastropoda
演化支：	真后鳃类 Euopisthobranchia
目：	头楯目 Cephalaspidea
总科：	长葡萄螺总科 Haminoeoidea
科：	长葡萄螺科 Haminoeidae; Pilsbry（英语：Henry Augustus Pilsbry）, 1895
属
	见内文
异名
	阿地螺科 Atydidae Thiele, 1925 (ranked as subfamily of Haminoeidae); 阿地螺亚科 Atydinae Thiele, 1925· accepted, alternate representation; 泥螺科 Bullactidae Thiele, 1926; Hamineidae (Spelling variation); Haminoeinae Pilsbry, 1895· accepted, alternate representation; 翡翠螺科 Smaragdinellidae Thiele, 1925;

长葡萄螺科（学名：Haminoeidae）在生物分类学是一个海螺的科，海洋后鳃类腹足纲软体动物的成员，属于头楯目长葡萄螺总科。

本科的命名长久以来都甚具争议，过往本科物种成员常被归类为属于“阿地螺科”（台湾叫作“葡萄螺科”^[4]）或“翡翠螺科”。这两个名称现时都成为了本科的同物异名。

另外，本科物种所属的属，不断都有新的建议；不过由于这些物种本身要单靠外部的形态特征去辨别也比较困难，有时甚至难以分辨，直至有关物种被捕获，得以解剖为止。未经解剖学对活体标本作详细描述，这些获建议的属的地位均为不确定。

分布

这些物种在所有温暖的海域均有发现。

栖息地

这些物种栖息于潮间带或海湾、河口或潮池中靠近海岸的地方的细砂质底，又或于泥泞的底部。

型态描述

这些色彩丰富的海螺能够令部分身体的颜色与其躺卧的海床的色彩相同。

Their large cephalic shield is rounded at the front, but deeply lobed behind. The 外套膜 protrudes behind the shell. The shell is partially or completely enfolded by lateral parapodial (=fleshy winglike outgrowths) lobes.

形态描述

Their 螺壳 varies in size according to the species, from 3 mm to 30 mm.

The shell is ovoid, thin and translucent. It may be smooth or have spiral grooves (striae). The umbilical apex（英语：Apex (mollusc)） is sunken or enclosed and no longer visible. Large body whorl（英语：body whorl） with fine spiral striations. Smooth columella. The thin outer lip of the 壳口 extends beyond the apex（英语：Apex (mollusc)） of the shell and is thus longer than the body whorl. The aperture narrows posteriorly and is wider anteriorly.

生态

These snails are 食草动物. Their diet consists of various kinds of 绿藻e. They can survive in brackish water.

They are hermophroditic. Their 卵s are deposited in round or oval jellylike strings, attached to 大叶藻属 or sand.

阿地螺及另一同属阿地螺属的物种Atys cylindricum皆为本科已知会发出生物荧光的物种。

分类

在2005年的《布歇特和洛克罗伊的腹足类分类》，长葡萄螺总科由下列三个科组成^[5]：

但Malaquias (2010)将这三个科均并归长葡萄螺科这一科^[2]；在2017年底出版的《布歇特等人的腹足类分类》依从^[6]。

属与物种

本科包括下列各属：

Aliculastrum（英语：Aliculastrum）
阿地螺属（英语：Atys (gastropod)） Atys（英语：Atys (gastropod)） Montfort, 1810：又名葡萄螺属^[4]^[7]
Austrocylichna Burn, 1974
泥螺属 Bullacta Bergh, 1901：只有泥螺（Bullacta exarata (Philippi, 1849)）一个物种，过往属于独自的泥螺科。
Cylichnatys Kuroda & Habe, 1952
Cylichnium（英语：Cylichnium） W. H. Dall, 1908
- Cylichnium africanum
- Cylichnium domitum Dall（英语：W.H. Dall）, 1908 - Distribution: Caribbean
- Cylichnium matsumotoi (Habe, 1955) - Distribution: Japan
漩阿地螺属 Diniatys Iredale, 1936
月华螺属 Haloa^[8]
长葡萄螺属 Haminoea Turton & Kingston in Carrington, 1830
Liloa Pilsbry, 1921
泥阿地螺属 LimulatysIredale, 1936^[9]
Micratys Habe, 1952
MimatysHabe, 1952
日本阿地螺 Nipponatys Habe, 1952
Phanerophthalmus A. Adams, 1850
Sericohaminoea
翡翠螺属（英语：Smaragdinella） Smaragdinella（英语：Smaragdinella） A. Adams, 1848
Sphaeratys
Weinkauffia Monterosato, 1884

异名：

Atyscaphander Annandale, 1924：被认为是泥螺属（Bullacta Bergh, 1901）的异名；
Dinia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854: synonym of Diniatys Iredale, 1936
Haminea Gray, 1847: synonym of Haminoea Turton & Kingston in Carrington, 1830
Sinohaminea Tchang, 1933：也被认为是泥螺属（Bullacta Bergh, 1901）的异名；
Genus Haloa（英语：Haloa）
- Haloa binotata (H. A. Pilsbry, 1895)
  - Distribution : Indo Pacific
- Haloa constricta A. Adams, 1850
  - Distribution : Japan
- Haloa crocata W. H. Pease, 1860
  - Distribution : Hawaii
- Haloa flavescens (A. Adams, 1850)
  - Distribution : Indo Pacific
- Haloa fusca W. H. Pease, 1863
  - Distribution : Indo Pacific
- Haloa japonica H. A. Pilsbry, 1895 Japanese Paper-bubble
  - Distribution : Indo Pacific, Japan
  - Length : 10 mm
  - Description : species with beautiful colors : glassy white background with tiny white spots and dark patches with orange dots.
- Haloa kawamurai T. Habe, 1950
  - Distribution : Indo Pacific
- Haloa margaritoides T. Kuroda & T. Habe, 1971
  - Distribution : Japan
  - Length : 7 mm
  - Description : intertidal among seaweeds
- Haloa nigripunctata W. H. Pease, 1868
  - Distribution : Japan
- Haloa rotundata A. Adams, 1850
  - Distribution : Japan
- Haloa vitrea (A. Adams, 1850)
  - Distribution : Japan
- Haloa yamaguchii T. Habe, 1952
  - Distribution : Indo Pacific
Genus Hamineobulla Habe, 1950 (incertae sedis; may be belong to the family Bullidae（英语：Bulla (genus)）)
- Hamineobulla kawamurai Habe, 1950
  - Distribution : Okinawa
  - Length : 6 mm
  - Description : brown animal with short cephalic shield; on the shell there are a few transverse rows with brighter dots
Genus Liloa Pilsbry, 1921

Since most of these bubble snails were named on the basis of the shell alone, the occurrence of synonyms among the following species is quite possible.

- Liloa brevis (Quoy & Gaimard（英语：Joseph Paul Gaimard）, 1833)
  - Distribution : Australia
  - Description : elongate body; parapodial flaps cover only the front of the thin, fragile shell
- Liloa curta (A. Adams, 1850)
  - Distribution : Western Pacific
  - Description : elongate body; the color can vary from a few dark spots on a translucent body, to almost completely dark.
- Liloa incisula Yokoyama, 1928
  - Distribution : Japan
- Liloa laeta A. A. Gould, 1859
  - Distribution : Indo Pacific
- Liloa nipponensis Nomura & Hatai, 1940
  - Distribution : Japan
- Liloa porcellana A. A. Gould, 1859
  - Distribution : Japan
- Liloa tomaculum H. A. Pilsbry, 1951
  - Distribution : Hawaiian Islands
- Liloa translucens A. Adams, 1862
  - Distribution : Japan
Genus Limulatys Iredale（英语：Tom Iredale）, 1936
- Limulatys constrictus T. Habe, 1952
  - Distribution : Indo Pacific
  - Length : 16 mm
- Limulatys crassilabris (约翰尼斯·提艾利, 1925)
  - Distribution : S.E. Asia, Thailand
  - Length : 8 mm
- Limulatys fusiformis T. Habe, 1952
  - Distribution : Japan
- Limulatys muscarius A. A. Gould, 1859
  - Distribution : Indo Pacific, Philippines
- Limulatys okamotoi T. Habe, 1952
  - Distribution : Indo Pacific
- Limulatys ooformis T. Habe, 1964 Egg-shaped Bubble
  - Distribution : Indo Pacific, Philippines, Thailand
  - Length : 20 mm
- Limulatys okamotoi Habe, 1952
  - Distribution : Philippines
  - Length : 9 mm
- Limulatys reliquus Iredale（英语：Tom Iredale）, 1936
  - Distribution : New Zealand
- Limulatys scobriculatus A. Adams, 1862
  - Distribution : Japan
- Limulatys tortuosus A. Adams, 1850
  - Distribution : Japan
Genus Micratys Habe, 1952
- Micratys ovum T. Habe, 1952
  - Distribution : Japan, Philippines
  - Length : 2 mm
Genus Mimatys Habe, 1952
- Mimatys fukuokaensis T. Habe, 1952
  - Distribution : Japan, Philippines
  - Length : 2.5 mm
Genus Nipponatys Kurida & Habe, 1952
- Nipponatys amakusaensis T. Habe & Kikuchi, 1960
  - Distribution : Japan
- Nipponatys oshimai T. Habe & Kikuchi, 1960
- Nipponatys volvulina A. Adams, 1862
  - Distribution : Japan
Genus Sericohaminoea Habe, 1952
Genus Sphaeratys F. Nordsieck, 1972 (?)
Genus Ventomnestia
- Ventomnestia bizona (A. Adams, 1850)
- Ventomnestia colorata Iredale（英语：Tom Iredale）, 1936
- Ventomnestia villica (Gould, 1859) (may be a synonym of Ventomnestia bizona)
  - Distribution : Guam
  - Length : 5.5 mm
  - Description : a bubble snail with a great variation in color, from white to brown, but always with a characteristic pattern; heavy shell; 齿舌 formula : 2.1.2;
Genus Weinkauffia A. Adams, 1858
- Weinkauffia diaphana A. Aradas & Maggiore, 1839
  - Distribution : West Africa
  - Description : has similar gizzard plates as Atys multistriatus
- Weinkauffia turgidula Forbes, 1844
  - Distribution : Adriatic Sea, Malta, Turkey
  - Length : 5 mm
  - Description : fossils of this species have been found in sediments of 上新世 age in Italy.

以下各属已拨归其他科：

Mnestia H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854 及 Ventomnestia Iredale, 1936：已独立出来成为一个科，改归盒螺总科。

参考文献

^ Pilsbry H. A.（英语：Henry Augustus Pilsbry） (1895). Manual of Conchology（英语：Manual of Conchology）, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species. Polyplacophora, (Chitons.) Acanthochitidae, Cryptoplacidae and appendix. Tectibranchiata. 15: page 351.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Malaquias M. A. E. (2010). "Systematics, phylogeny, and natural history of Bullacta exarata (Philippi, 1849): an endemic cephalaspidean gastropod from the China Sea". Journal of Natural History（英语：Journal of Natural History） 44(33 & 34): 2015-2029. doi:10.1080/00222933.2010.487574.
^ Malaquias M. A. E., Dodds J. M., Bouchet P. & Reid D. G. (2009). "A molecular phylogeny of the Cephalaspidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Euthyneura): Architectibranchia redefined and Runcinacea reinstated". Zoologica Scripta（英语：Zoologica Scripta） 38(1): 23-41. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2008.00354.x.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 引用错误：没有为名为shelldoc_100368的参考文献提供内容
^ 引用错误：没有为名为Bouchet 2005的参考文献提供内容
^ 引用错误：没有为名为Bouchet 2017的参考文献提供内容
^ 国际贝库：白葡萄螺. 台湾贝类资料库. [2020-04-27]. （原始内容请检查|url=值 (帮助)存档于2017-11-07）（中文（繁体））.
^ 中国科学院动物研究所. 日本月华螺. 《中国动物物种编目数据库》. 中国科学院微生物研究所. [2017-11-11]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-05）（中文（简体））.
^ 中国科学院动物研究所. 蝇泥阿地螺. 《中国动物物种编目数据库》. 中国科学院微生物研究所. [2017-11-11]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-05）.

Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp

外部链接

维基物种上的相关信息：长葡萄螺科

[1] Pilsbry H. A.（英语：Henry Augustus Pilsbry） (1895). Manual of Conchology（英语：Manual of Conchology）, structural and systematic, with illustrations of the species. Polyplacophora, (Chitons.) Acanthochitidae, Cryptoplacidae and appendix. Tectibranchiata. 15: page 351.

[Malaquias_2010-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Malaquias M. A. E. (2010). "Systematics, phylogeny, and natural history of Bullacta exarata (Philippi, 1849): an endemic cephalaspidean gastropod from the China Sea". Journal of Natural History（英语：Journal of Natural History） 44(33 & 34): 2015-2029. doi:10.1080/00222933.2010.487574.

[Malaquias_2009-3] Malaquias M. A. E., Dodds J. M., Bouchet P. & Reid D. G. (2009). "A molecular phylogeny of the Cephalaspidea sensu lato (Gastropoda: Euthyneura): Architectibranchia redefined and Runcinacea reinstated". Zoologica Scripta（英语：Zoologica Scripta） 38(1): 23-41. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2008.00354.x.

[shelldoc_100368-4] 4.0 ^4.1 引用错误：没有为名为shelldoc_100368的参考文献提供内容

[Bouchet_2005-5] 引用错误：没有为名为Bouchet 2005的参考文献提供内容

[Bouchet_2017-6] 引用错误：没有为名为Bouchet 2017的参考文献提供内容

[shell_3326-7] 国际贝库：白葡萄螺. 台湾贝类资料库. [2020-04-27]. （原始内容请检查|url=值 (帮助)存档于2017-11-07）（中文（繁体））.

[id10555-8] 中国科学院动物研究所. 日本月华螺. 《中国动物物种编目数据库》. 中国科学院微生物研究所. [2017-11-11]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-05）（中文（简体））.

[id10540-9] 中国科学院动物研究所. 蝇泥阿地螺. 《中国动物物种编目数据库》. 中国科学院微生物研究所. [2017-11-11]. （原始内容存档于2016-03-05）.

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