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同质与异质

维基百科,自由的百科全书

同质(Homogeneity )与异质(Heterogeneity)系一对科学统计学中常用的对一种生物组织或物质的均匀性进行描述的概念。如果一种材料或一幅图像具有同质性(或者说是同质的),那么它就是由同样的单元堆砌而成的,或者它各部分的特征(如颜色、形状、大小、重量、高度、分布、质地、语言、收入、疾病、温度、放射性、架构设计等)都是相同的。相对的,如果一种物质至少一种特征的分布明显不均匀,那么它就具有异质性。[1][2][3][4]

英语中的同质与异质(homogeneous and heterogeneous)分别来自中世纪拉丁语中的homogeneus和heterogeneus两个单词。后面两个单词又来源于两个古希腊语的单词“ὁμογενής”(homogenēs)与“ἑτερογενής”(heterogenēs),它们分别由ὁμός(homos,意为“相同”)和ἕτερος(heteros,意为“不同”)两个前缀以及统一的后缀“γένος”(genos,意为“种”)组成[5]

参考

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  1. ^ Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913 + 1828). Heterogeneity. The ARTFL Project, University of Chicago. September 2010 [2010-09-10]. (原始内容 (Part of this paragraph is public domain material copyright 1828 and 1913)存档于2011-07-28). 
  2. ^ Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913 + 1828). Heterogeneous. The ARTFL Project, University of Chicago. September 2010 [2010-09-10]. (原始内容 (Part of this paragraph is public domain material copyright 1828 and 1913)存档于2011-07-28). 
  3. ^ Heterogeneous Mixtures, in chemistry, is where certain elements are unwillingly combined and, when given the option, will separate. Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913 + 1828). Heterogeneity. The ARTFL Project, University of Chicago. September 2010 [2010-09-10]. (原始内容 (Part of this paragraph is public domain material copyright 1828 and 1913)存档于2011-07-28). 
  4. ^ Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913 + 1828). Homogeneous. The ARTFL Project, University of Chicago. September 2010 [2010-09-10]. (原始内容 (This is public domain material copyright 1828 and 1913)存档于2011-07-28). 
  5. ^ heterogeneous的來歷. [2015-07-25]. (原始内容存档于2016-08-22) (英语).