草蓆鐘螺屬

草蓆鐘螺屬
	草蓆鐘螺 Monodonta labio
科學分類
界：	動物界 Animalia
門：	軟體動物門 Mollusca
綱：	腹足綱 Gastropoda
目：	鐘螺目 Trochida
總科：	鐘螺總科 Trochoidea
科：	鐘螺科 Trochidae
亞科：	草蓆鐘螺亞科 Monodontinae
屬：	草蓆鐘螺屬 Monodonta; Lamarck, 1799
模式種
	草蓆鐘螺; Monodonta labio; (Linnaeus, 1758)
物種
	見內文
異名
	Labio Oken, 1815; Monodontes Montfort, 1810; Neomonodonta Kuroda & Habe, 1971; Odontis Sowerby, 1825; Pimpellies Gistel, 1848; Trochidon Swainson, 1840;

草蓆鐘螺屬（學名：Monodonta），是原始腹足目鐘螺科的一屬^[1]^[2]。

拉馬克於1801年將本屬從林奈的鐘螺屬（Trochus）中分離出來，以草蓆鐘螺（Monodonta labio）為模式種^[3]。

本屬的學名直譯就是「單齒螺」，而這名稱也是來自中國大陸的文獻最普遍使用的譯名^[4]。然而，「單齒螺」這個譯名有歧義：還有另一個螺的屬也可譯作「單齒螺」；但本屬的台灣譯名「草蓆鐘螺屬」並不會引起歧義，所以本條採取了這個譯名。

特徵

本屬通常擁有厚重的圓錐狀螺旋形硬殼，殼表面光滑或有螺旋凸紋，開口外緣內面有褶皺。瓷質的短軸柱堅固、呈膨大圓柱狀、近基部或多或少帶鋸齒狀，齒與基底邊緣之間有方形槽溝紋。殼洞高位開口而寬闊。^[3]

分佈

從印度洋中西部、中印半島、馬來群島至大洋洲，包括菲律賓、日本、澳洲（北領地、昆士蘭州、西澳大利亞州）等都有本屬的分佈。

物種

本屬物種計有：

Monodonta australis (Lamarck, 1816)^[5]
Monodonta canalifera Lamarck, 1816^[6]
圓草蓆鐘螺 Monodonta confusa Tapparone-Canefri, 1874
Monodonta gibbula Thiele, 1925
Monodonta glabrata Gould, 1861
草蓆鐘螺 Monodonta labio (Linnaeus, 1758)^[7]
Monodonta lugubris Lamarck, 1822^[8]
Monodonta nebulosa Forsskal in Niebuhr, 1775
黑草蓆鐘螺 Monodonta neritoides (Philippi, 1849)
扭鐘螺 Monodonta perplexa Pilsbry, 1889
Monodonta turbinata
Monodonta vermiculata (P. Fischer, 1874)
Monodonta viridis Lamarck, 1816

曾列於本屬名下的物種異名：

Monodonta (Osilinus) Philippi, 1847 = Osilinus Philippi, 1847
Monodonta adelaidae Philippi, 1849 = Chlorodiloma adelaidae (Philippi, 1849)
Monodonta aegyptiaca Lamarck, 1822 = Rubritrochus declivis (Forskål, 1775)
Monodonta alveolata A. Adams, 1853 = Herpetopoma instrictum (Gould, 1849)
Monodonta angulifera A. Adams, 1853 = Perrinia angulifera (A. Adams, 1853)
Monodonta belliaei Michaud, 1829 = Homalopoma sanguineum (Linnaeus, 1758)
Monodonta berthelotii d'Orbigny, 1840 = Clanculus berthelotii (d'Orbigny, 1840)
Monodonta bourcierei Crosse, 1863 = Herpetopoma instrictum (Gould, 1849)
Monodonta carchedonius Lamarck, 1822 = Modulus carchedonius (Lamarck, 1822)
Monodonta clathrata A. Adams, 1853 = Vaceuchelus clathratus (A. Adams, 1853)
Monodonta colubrina (Gould, 1851) = Osilinus sauciatus (Koch, 1845)
Monodonta conica Gray, 1827 = Thalotia conica (Gray, 1827)
Monodonta constellata (Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1863) = Trochus constellatus Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1863
Monodonta constricta Lamarck, 1822 = Austrocochlea constricta (Lamarck, 1822)
Monodonta coronaria Lamarck, 1816 = Tectarius grandinatus (Gmelin, 1791)
Monodonta couturii Payraudeau, B.-C., 1826 = Clanculus corallinus (Gmelin, J.F., 1791)
Monodonta crinita Philippi, 1849 = Chlorodiloma crinita (Philippi, 1849)
Monodonta dama (Philippi, 1848):^[9] synonym of Monodonta nebulosa Forsskal in Niebuhr, 1775
Monodonta draparnaudii Payraudeau, 1826 = Phorcus articulatus (Lamarck, 1822)
Monodonta fischeri Montrouzier [in Souverbie & Montrouzier], 1866 = Herpetopoma fischeri (Montrouzier [in Souverbie & Montrouzier], 1866); synonym of Herpetopoma exasperatum (A. Adams, 1853)
Monodonta foveolata A. Adams, 1853 = Vaceuchelus clathratus (A. Adams, 1853)
Monodonta fragaroides Lamarck, 1822 = Phorcus turbinatus (Born, 1778)
Monodonta fulgurata (Philippi, 1846):^[10] synonym of Oxystele fulgurata (Philippi, 1848)
Monodonta glomus Philippi, 1844 = Clanculus jussieui (Payraudeau, 1826)
Monodonta immanis Fischer, 1880 = Monodonta labio (Linnaeus, 1758)
Monodonta jussieui Payraudeau, 1826 = Clanculus jussieui (Payraudeau, 1826)
Monodonta kraussii Philippi, 1846 = Clanculus kraussii (Philippi, 1846)
Monodonta lessoni Payraudeau, 1826 = Gibbula divaricata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Monodonta limbata Philippi, 1844 = Danilia tinei (Calcara, 1839)
Monodonta lineata (Da Costa, 1778) synonym of Osilinus lineatus (da Costa, 1778)
Monodonta margaritaria Philippi, 1846 = Clanculus margaritarius (Philippi, 1846)
Monodonta melaurchelonis Philippi = Monodonta labio (Linnaeus, 1758)
Monodonta mutabilis (Philippi, 1846) = Phorcus mutabilis (Philippi, 1846)
Monodonta obscura (Wood, 1828):^[11] synonym of Priotrochus obscurus (W. Wood, 1828)
Monodonta olivieri Payraudeau, 1826 = Phorcus turbinatus (Born, 1778)
Monodonta punicea Philippi, 1846 = Clanculus puniceus (Philippi, 1846)
Monodonta richardi Payraudeau, 1826</small = Phorcus richardi (Payraudeau, 1826)

Monodonta rubra A. Adams, 1851 = Herpetopoma rubrum (A. Adams, 1851)

Monodonta sagittifera Lamarck = Oxystele impervia (Menke, 1843)

Monodonta subrostrata Gray, 1835 = Diloma subrostrata (Gray, 1835)

Monodonta tigrinus Odhner, 1923 = Oxystele tigrina (Anton, 1838)

Monodonta tinei Calcara, 1839 = Danilia tinei (Calcara, 1839)

Monodonta tridentata Potiez & Michaud, 1838 = Tegula tridentata (Potiez & Michaud, 1838)

Monodonta tuberculata A. Adams, 1853 = Monodonta labio (Linnaeus, 1758)

Monodonta ulvae Risso, 1826 = Phorcus articulatus (Lamarck, 1822)

Monodonta vieilliotii Payraudeau, 1826 = Clanculus cruciatus (Linnaeus, 1758)

參考文獻

^ 国际贝库：黑草席钟螺. 台灣貝類資料庫. [2009-08-11]. （原始內容存檔於2016-03-04）.
^ Monodonta Lamarck, 1799. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 15 March 2011.
^ ^3.0 ^3.1 Tryon (1889), Manual of Conchology XI, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia^{[失效連結]}
^ 中國科學院中國動物志編輯委員會主編；董正之編著 (編). 中国动物志无脊椎动物. 第29卷軟體動物門腹足綱原始腹足目馬蹄螺總科. 科學出版社. 2002: 210頁 [2017-05-27]. ISBN 703009509X. （原始內容存檔於2019-07-24）（中文（簡體））.
^ Monodonta australis (Lamarck, 1816). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 1 May 2010.
^ Monodonta canalifera Lamarck, 1816. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 1 May 2010.
^ Monodonta labio (Linnaeus, 1758). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 1 May 2010.
^ Monodonta lugubris Lamarck, 1822. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 1 May 2010.
^ Monodonta dama (Philippi, 1848). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 1 May 2010.
^ Monodonta fulgurata (Philippi, 1846). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 1 May 2010.
^ Monodonta obscura (Wood, 1828). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 1 May 2010.

Lamarck, 1799, Mémoires de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, 1: 74; Monodon [Cuvier, 1817] is an incorrect subsequent spelling.
Montfort, 1810, Conchyliologie systématique, 2: 194; Unjustified emendation of Monodonta
Moore, R.C. (1964). Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part 1. Kansas : University of Kansas Press and Geological Society of America. Vol.1
Donald K.M., Kennedy M. & Spencer H.G. (2005) The phylogeny and taxonomy of austral monodontine topshells (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Trochidae), inferred from DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 37: 474-483.
Williams S.T., Donald K.M., Spencer H.G. & Nakano T. (2010) Molecular systematics of the marine gastropod families Trochidae and Calliostomatidae (Mollusca: Superfamily Trochoidea). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54:783-809.

外部連結

[shell_104-1] 国际贝库：黑草席钟螺. 台灣貝類資料庫. [2009-08-11]. （原始內容存檔於2016-03-04）.

[WoRMS-2] Monodonta Lamarck, 1799. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 15 March 2011.

[Tryon-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Tryon (1889), Manual of Conchology XI, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia^{[失效連結]}

[dzz2002-4] 中國科學院中國動物志編輯委員會主編；董正之編著 (編). 中国动物志无脊椎动物. 第29卷軟體動物門腹足綱原始腹足目馬蹄螺總科. 科學出版社. 2002: 210頁 [2017-05-27]. ISBN 703009509X. （原始內容存檔於2019-07-24）（中文（簡體））.

[5] Monodonta australis (Lamarck, 1816). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 1 May 2010.

[6] Monodonta canalifera Lamarck, 1816. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 1 May 2010.

[7] Monodonta labio (Linnaeus, 1758). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 1 May 2010.

[8] Monodonta lugubris Lamarck, 1822. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 1 May 2010.

[9] Monodonta dama (Philippi, 1848). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 1 May 2010.

[10] Monodonta fulgurata (Philippi, 1846). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 1 May 2010.

[11] Monodonta obscura (Wood, 1828). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 1 May 2010.

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