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座標51°29′58″N 00°07′39″W / 51.49944°N 0.12750°W / 51.49944; -0.12750
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Isaac Newton

[編輯]
左右對比
{{Infobox scientist}}{{Infobox scientist/sandbox}}
Sir Isaac Newton
Isaac van Newton
Head and shoulders portrait of man in black with shoulder-length gray hair, a large sharp nose, and an abstracted gaze
Godfrey Kneller's 1689 portrait of Isaac Newton
(aged 46)
出生(1643-01-04)1643年1月4日
[OS: 25 December 1642][1]
Woolsthorpe-by-Colsterworth
Lincolnshire, England
逝世1727年3月31日(1727歲—03—31)(84歲)
[OS: 20 March 1726][1]
Kensington, Middlesex, England
墓地Westminster Abbey
51°29′58″N 00°07′39″W / 51.49944°N 0.12750°W / 51.49944; -0.12750
居住地England
別名Zac
民族Caucasian
母校Trinity College, Cambridge
知名於Newtonian mechanics
Universal gravitation
Infinitesimal calculus
Optics
Binomial series
Newton's method
Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica
信仰Arianism; for details see article
科學生涯
研究領域physics, mathematics, astronomy, natural philosophy, alchemy, Christian theology
機構University of Cambridge
Royal Society
Royal Mint
贊助Patron(s) of Newton
論文Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica(1687)
學術指導者Isaac Barrow[2]
Benjamin Pulleyn[3][4]
著名學生Roger Cotes
William Whiston
受影響自Henry More[5]
Polish Brethren[6]
施影響於Nicolas Fatio de Duillier
John Keill
簽名
Is. Newton
備註
His mother was Hannah Ayscough. His half-niece was Catherine Barton.
Sir Isaac Newton
Isaac van Newton
Head and shoulders portrait of man in black with shoulder-length gray hair, a large sharp nose, and an abstracted gaze
Godfrey Kneller's 1689 portrait of Isaac Newton
(aged 46)
出生(1643-01-04)1643年1月4日
[OS: 25 December 1642][1]
Woolsthorpe-by-Colsterworth
Lincolnshire, England
逝世1727年3月31日(1727歲—03—31)(84歲)
[OS: 20 March 1726][1]
Kensington, Middlesex, England
墓地Westminster Abbey
51°29′58″N 00°07′39″W / 51.49944°N 0.12750°W / 51.49944; -0.12750
居住地England
別名Zac
民族Caucasian
母校Trinity College, Cambridge
知名於Newtonian mechanics
Universal gravitation
Infinitesimal calculus
Optics
Binomial series
Newton's method
Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica
信仰Arianism; for details see article
科學生涯
研究領域physics, mathematics, astronomy, natural philosophy, alchemy, Christian theology
機構University of Cambridge
Royal Society
Royal Mint
贊助Patron(s) of Newton
論文Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica(1687)
學術指導者Isaac Barrow[2]
Benjamin Pulleyn[3][4]
著名學生Roger Cotes
William Whiston
受影響自Henry More[5]
Polish Brethren[6]
施影響於Nicolas Fatio de Duillier
John Keill
簽名
Is. Newton
備註
His mother was Hannah Ayscough. His half-niece was Catherine Barton.

Richard Feynman

[編輯]
左右對比
{{Infobox scientist}}{{Infobox scientist/sandbox}}
Infobox scientist/testcases
出生Richard Phillips Feynman
(1918-05-11)1918年5月11日
Far Rockaway, Queens, New York, U.S.
逝世1988年2月15日(1988歲—02—15)(69歲)
Los Angeles, California, U.S.
居住地United States
國籍American
母校Massachusetts Institute of Technology (B.S.),
Princeton University (Ph.D.)
知名於Feynman diagrams
Feynman point
Feynman–Kac formula
Wheeler–Feynman absorber theory
Bethe–Feynman formula
Feynman sprinkler
Feynman Long Division Puzzles
Hellmann–Feynman theorem
Feynman slash notation
Feynman parametrization
Path integral formulation
Nanotechnology
Quantum computing
Sticky bead argument
One-electron universe
Quantum cellular automata
信仰Atheist[8]
配偶Arline Greenbaum
1941年結婚—1945年結束)
(deceased)
Mary Lou Bell
1952年結婚—1954年結束)

Gweneth Howarth
1960年結婚—1988年結束)
(his death)
獎項Albert Einstein Award (1954)
E. O. Lawrence Award (1962)
Nobel Prize in Physics (1965)
Oersted Medal (1972)
National Medal of Science (1979)
科學生涯
研究領域Physics (theoretical)
機構Manhattan Project
Cornell University
California Institute of Technology
贊助Patron(s) of Feynman
博士導師John Archibald Wheeler
其他指導者Manuel Sandoval Vallarta
博士生F. L. Vernon, Jr.[7]
Willard H. Wells[7]
Al Hibbs[7]
George Zweig[7]
Giovanni Rossi Lomanitz[7]
Thomas Curtright[7]
其他著名學生Douglas D. Osheroff
Robert Barro
W. Daniel Hillis
受影響自Paul Dirac
簽名
備註
He was the father of Carl Feynman and adoptive father of Michelle Feynman. He was the brother of Joan Feynman.
Infobox scientist/testcases
出生Richard Phillips Feynman
(1918-05-11)1918年5月11日
Far Rockaway, Queens, New York, U.S.
逝世1988年2月15日(1988歲—02—15)(69歲)
Los Angeles, California, U.S.
居住地United States
國籍American
母校Massachusetts Institute of Technology (B.S.),
Princeton University (Ph.D.)
知名於Feynman diagrams
Feynman point
Feynman–Kac formula
Wheeler–Feynman absorber theory
Bethe–Feynman formula
Feynman sprinkler
Feynman Long Division Puzzles
Hellmann–Feynman theorem
Feynman slash notation
Feynman parametrization
Path integral formulation
Nanotechnology
Quantum computing
Sticky bead argument
One-electron universe
Quantum cellular automata
信仰Atheist[8]
配偶Arline Greenbaum
1941年結婚—1945年結束)
(deceased)
Mary Lou Bell
1952年結婚—1954年結束)

Gweneth Howarth
1960年結婚—1988年結束)
(his death)
獎項Albert Einstein Award (1954)
E. O. Lawrence Award (1962)
Nobel Prize in Physics (1965)
Oersted Medal (1972)
National Medal of Science (1979)
科學生涯
研究領域Physics (theoretical)
機構Manhattan Project
Cornell University
California Institute of Technology
贊助Patron(s) of Feynman
博士導師John Archibald Wheeler
其他指導者Manuel Sandoval Vallarta
博士生F. L. Vernon, Jr.[7]
Willard H. Wells[7]
Al Hibbs[7]
George Zweig[7]
Giovanni Rossi Lomanitz[7]
Thomas Curtright[7]
其他著名學生Douglas D. Osheroff
Robert Barro
W. Daniel Hillis
受影響自Paul Dirac
簽名
備註
He was the father of Carl Feynman and adoptive father of Michelle Feynman. He was the brother of Joan Feynman.

Donald Knuth

[編輯]
左右對比
{{Infobox scientist}}{{Infobox scientist/sandbox}}
Donald Ervin Knuth
Donald Knuth at a reception for the Open Content Alliance, October 25, 2005
出生 (1938-01-10) 1938年1月10日86歲)
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.
居住地U.S.
國籍American
母校Case Institute of Technology
California Institute of Technology
知名於The Art of Computer Programming
TeX, Metafont
Knuth–Morris–Pratt algorithm
Knuth–Bendix completion algorithm
MMIX
獎項Turing Award (1974)
John von Neumann Medal (1995)
Harvey Prize (1995)
Kyoto Prize (1996)
網站Donald E. Knuth
科學生涯
研究領域Mathematics
Computer science
機構Stanford University
贊助Patron(s) of Knuth
博士導師Marshall Hall, Jr.
博士生Leonidas J. Guibas
Michael Fredman
Scott Kim
Vaughan Pratt
Robert Sedgewick
Jeffrey Vitter
Andrei Broder
Donald Ervin Knuth
Donald Knuth at a reception for the Open Content Alliance, October 25, 2005
出生 (1938-01-10) 1938年1月10日86歲)
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.
居住地U.S.
國籍American
母校Case Institute of Technology
California Institute of Technology
知名於The Art of Computer Programming
TeX, Metafont
Knuth–Morris–Pratt algorithm
Knuth–Bendix completion algorithm
MMIX
獎項Turing Award (1974)
John von Neumann Medal (1995)
Harvey Prize (1995)
Kyoto Prize (1996)
網站Donald E. Knuth
科學生涯
研究領域Mathematics
Computer science
機構Stanford University
贊助Patron(s) of Knuth
博士導師Marshall Hall, Jr.
博士生Leonidas J. Guibas
Michael Fredman
Scott Kim
Vaughan Pratt
Robert Sedgewick
Jeffrey Vitter
Andrei Broder

參考資料

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 During Newton's lifetime, two calendars were in use in Europe: the Julian or 'Old Style' in Britain and parts of northern Europe (Protestant) and eastern Europe, and the Gregorian or 'New Style', in use in Roman Catholic Europe and elsewhere. At Newton's birth, Gregorian dates were ten days ahead of Julian dates: thus Newton was born on Christmas Day, 25 December 1642 by the Julian calendar, but on 4 January 1643 by the Gregorian. By the time he died, the difference between the calendars had increased to eleven days. Moreover, prior to the adoption of the Gregorian calendar in the UK in 1752, the English new year began (for legal and some other civil purposes) on 25 March ('Lady Day', i.e. the feast of the Annunciation: sometimes called 'Annunciation Style') rather than on 1 January (sometimes called 'Circumcision Style'). Unless otherwise noted, the remainder of the dates in this article follow the Julian Calendar.
  2. ^ Mordechai Feingold, Barrow, Isaac (1630–1677), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, September 2004; online edn, May 2007; accessed 24 February 2009; explained further in Mordechai Feingold " Newton, Leibniz, and Barrow Too: An Attempt at a Reinterpretation"; Isis, Vol. 84, No. 2 (June, 1993), pp. 310-338
  3. ^ Dictionary of Scientific Biography, Newton, Isaac, n.4
  4. ^ Gjersten, Derek. The Newton Handbook. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. 1986. 
  5. ^ Westfall, Richard S. "Never at Rest: A Biography of Isaac Newton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1983: 530–1 [1980]. ISBN 9780521274357. 
  6. ^ Snobelen, Stephen D. Isaac Newton, heretic: the strategies of a Nicodemite (PDF). British Journal for the History of Science. 1999, 32: 381–419. doi:10.1017/S0007087499003751. 
  7. ^ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Richard Phillips Feynman. Mathematics Genealogy Project (North Dakota State University). [2010-03-18]. 
  8. ^ "I told him I was as strong an atheist as he was likely to find" (Feynman 2005)