2024年印度喀拉拉邦山體滑坡

2024年印度喀拉拉邦山體滑坡
日期	2024年7月30日
時間	01:00–04:30（印度時間（英語：Time in India））
地點	印度喀拉拉邦瓦亞納德縣
座標	11°46′54.4″N 76°13′57.6″E / 11.781778°N 76.232667°E
類型	山崩
起因	雨
死亡	359+
受傷	200
失蹤	218+
流離失所	9,910+

2024年印度喀拉拉邦山體滑坡是指2024年7月30日凌晨，印度喀拉拉邦瓦亞納德瓦亞納德縣的三個村莊發生的多起山體滑坡。當時大雨引發山坡坍塌，結果泥石流、水流和巨石傾瀉而下。此起山體滑坡已造成至少359人死亡，200多人受傷，218人失蹤，是喀拉拉邦歷史上最致命的自然災害之一。 ^[1]^[3]^[4]

背景

瓦亞納德縣位於西高止山脈地區，而且當地丘陵地區的坡度超過20度。在季風季節，當地就容易發生山體滑坡。 ^[5]^[6]^[7]

根據2022年《國際環境研究與公共健康期刊》發表的一項關於瓦亞納德縣森林砍伐情況的研究顯示，1950年至2018 年間，該地區62%的被樹木覆蓋的地區消失，而茶園覆蓋率卻增加了約1800%，而被樹木覆蓋的地區可以維持山體的穩定。，這兩個因素可能會增加暴雨期間發生山洪的風險。 ^[8]

參考文獻

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Wayanad Landslides News Live Updates: With toll over 340, district administration ‘admits’ failure in taking proactive steps. The Times of India. 2024-08-03 [2024-08-03] （英語）. Kerala Landslides News Live: Death toll rises to 344. The district administration reports 218 people are still missing, based on Aadhaar records, tourist information, and inputs from ASHA workers.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 Death toll. Onmanorama. [2024-08-02].
^ Wayanad landslides: 133 dead, 481 saved, at least 98 missing. Onmanorama（英語：Onmanorama）. [2024-07-30]. （原始內容存檔於July 30, 2024）. In terms of fatalities, this is the largest landslide-related disaster to strike Kerala. 177 dead bodies have been recovered from the Chaliyar River. 9,910 people displaced by the landslides, reveals Wayanad district authority.
^ Wayanad landslides. Onmanorama. [2024-08-01].
^ Wayanad landslide: What did Gadgil say about Chooralmala and Mundakkai?. Onmanorama. July 31, 2024 [2024-08-01].
^ Mukul, Sushim. Not just nature's fury, man's greed too behind Wayanad tragedy. India Today. 2024-07-31 [2024-07-31] （英語）.
^ Qureshi, Imran; Padanna, Ashraf. India landslides kill 120 and trap dozens. BBC. July 30, 2024 [2024-07-30]. （原始內容存檔於July 31, 2024）（英國英語）. Qureshi, Imran; Padanna, Ashraf (July 30, 2024). "India landslides kill 120 and trap dozens". BBC. Archived from the original on July 31, 2024. Retrieved July 30, 2024.
^ Sharma, Richa. Did unchecked rise in construction, tourism lead to Wayanad landslides. Business Today. August 1, 2024 [August 1, 2024].

[:5-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Wayanad Landslides News Live Updates: With toll over 340, district administration ‘admits’ failure in taking proactive steps. The Times of India. 2024-08-03 [2024-08-03] （英語）. Kerala Landslides News Live: Death toll rises to 344. The district administration reports 218 people are still missing, based on Aadhaar records, tourist information, and inputs from ASHA workers.

[Death_toll-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Death toll. Onmanorama. [2024-08-02].

[:4-3] Wayanad landslides: 133 dead, 481 saved, at least 98 missing. Onmanorama（英語：Onmanorama）. [2024-07-30]. （原始內容存檔於July 30, 2024）. In terms of fatalities, this is the largest landslide-related disaster to strike Kerala. 177 dead bodies have been recovered from the Chaliyar River. 9,910 people displaced by the landslides, reveals Wayanad district authority.

[4] Wayanad landslides. Onmanorama. [2024-08-01].

[5] Wayanad landslide: What did Gadgil say about Chooralmala and Mundakkai?. Onmanorama. July 31, 2024 [2024-08-01].

[6] Mukul, Sushim. Not just nature's fury, man's greed too behind Wayanad tragedy. India Today. 2024-07-31 [2024-07-31] （英語）.

[:0-7] Qureshi, Imran; Padanna, Ashraf. India landslides kill 120 and trap dozens. BBC. July 30, 2024 [2024-07-30]. （原始內容存檔於July 31, 2024）（英國英語）. Qureshi, Imran; Padanna, Ashraf (July 30, 2024). "India landslides kill 120 and trap dozens". BBC. Archived from the original on July 31, 2024. Retrieved July 30, 2024.

[8] Sharma, Richa. Did unchecked rise in construction, tourism lead to Wayanad landslides. Business Today. August 1, 2024 [August 1, 2024].

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