费舍尔·安妮
费舍尔·安妮 Fischer Annie | |||||
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音乐家 | |||||
出生 | |||||
逝世 | 1995年4月10日 | (80岁)||||
职业 | 指挥家 | ||||
母校 | 布达佩斯音乐学院 | ||||
配偶 | 托特·阿拉达尔(Tóth Aladár) | ||||
音乐类型 | 古典音乐 | ||||
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费舍尔·安妮(匈牙利语:Fischer Annie,1914年7月5日—1995年4月10日),匈牙利钢琴家。
生平
[编辑]费舍尔出生于布达佩斯,就读于同城的弗朗茨·李斯特音乐学院,师从多赫南伊·埃尔诺。1933年她在出生地赢得弗朗茨·李斯特国际钢琴大赛。尤其是她的职业生涯,她主要在欧洲和澳大利亚演奏,极少出现在美国,终其一生只有两次横穿大西洋举行音乐会。
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作品
[编辑]录音
[编辑]安妮·费舍尔的录音由一些主流的唱片公司出版发行,包括BBC Records,Doremi,EMI Classics,Hungaroton,Orfeo,Palexa,Q Disc,Urania和ICA Classics等。
1950年代费舍尔同奥托·克伦佩勒和沃尔夫冈·萨瓦利希录制了重要的录音,但是感觉到任何艺术体现,缺乏听众时必然被不自然限制,如此艺术体现从来没有“完成了的”。她保留至今的包括许多现场音乐会录音,已经通过CD和DVD发行(包括演绎贝多芬的“皇帝”协奏曲,可从YouTube获取,和Antal Doráti指挥的贝多芬第三协奏曲)。她最伟大的遗产是录制了贝多芬钢琴奏鸣曲全集。她从1977年开始为此工作了15年。因为自我苛求完美无瑕,她不允许在她的有生之年出版发行这套录音,直到去世,这套录音才以CD形式公开发行,并且广受赞誉。
以下是她主要的录音作品:
- 贝多芬
- Concerto No. 1 in C major, Op. 15 (1)
- Concerto No. 3 in C minor, Op. 37 (3)
- Concerto No. 5 in E flat major, Op. 73 "Emperor" (1)
- Sonata No. 1 in F minor, Op. 2, No. 1 (2)
- Sonata No. 10 in G major, Op. 14, No. 2 (2)
- Sonata No. 11 in B flat major, Op. 22 (2)
- Sonata No. 12 in A flat major, Op. 26 "Funeral March" (1)
- Sonata No. 13 in E flat major, Op. 27, No. 1 "Quasi una fantasia" (2)
- Sonata No. 14 in C sharp minor, Op. 27, No. 2 "Moonlight" (4)
- Sonata No. 15 in D major, Op. 28 "Pastoral" (2)
- Sonata No. 16 in G major, Op. 31, No. 1 (3)
- Sonata No. 17 in D minor, Op. 31, No. 2 "Tempest" (2)
- Sonata No. 18 in E flat major, Op. 31, No. 3 (2)
- Sonata No. 19 in G minor, Op. 49, No. 1 (2)
- Sonata No. 2 in A major, Op. 2, No. 2 (2)
- Sonata No. 20 in G major, Op. 49, No. 2 (2)
- Sonata No. 21 in C major, Op. 53 "Waldstein" (2)
- Sonata No. 22 in F major, Op. 54 (2)
- Sonata No. 23 in F minor, Op. 57 "Appassionata" (2)
- Sonata No. 24 in F sharp major, Op. 78 (2)
- Sonata No. 25 in G major, Op. 79 (2)
- Sonata No. 26 in E flat major, Op. 81a "Les Adieux" (2)
- Sonata No. 27 in E minor, Op. 90 (2)
- Sonata No. 28 in A major, Op. 101 (2)
- Sonata No. 29 in B flat major, Op. 106 "Hammerklavier" (2)
- Sonata No. 3 in C major, Op. 2, No. 3 (2)
- Sonata No. 30 in E major, Op. 109 (2)
- Sonata No. 31 in A flat major, Op. 110 (2)
- Sonata No. 32 in C minor, Op. 111 (3)
- Sonata No. 4 in E flat major, Op. 7 (2)
- Sonata No. 5 in C minor, Op. 10, No. 1 (2)
- Sonata No. 6 in F major, Op. 10, No. 2 (2)
- Sonata No. 7 in D major, Op. 10, No. 3 (3)
- Sonata No. 8 in C minor, Op. 13 "Pathétique" (3)
- Sonata No. 9 in E major, Op. 14, No. 1 (2)
- Variations (32) in C minor on an Original Theme, WoO 80 (1)
- Variations and Fugue in E? major on an Original Theme 'Eroica', Op. 35
- 莫扎特
- Concerto No. 20 in D minor, K 466. (1)
- Concerto No. 20 in D minor, K 466: 2nd movement, Romanze. (4)
- Concerto No. 21 in C major, K 467 (3)
- Concerto No. 21 in C major, K 467: 2nd movement, Andante (3)
- Concerto No. 22 in E flat major, K 482 (5)
- Concerto No. 22 in E flat major, K 482: 2nd movement, Andante (1)
- Concerto No. 23 in A major, K 488: 2nd movement, Adagio (1)
- Concerto No. 24 in C minor, K 491 (1)
- Concerto No. 27 in B flat major, K. 595 (1)
- Prelude and Fugue in C major, K 394 (383a) (1)
- Rondo for Piano and Orchestra in D major, K 382 (1)
- Sonata No. 12 in F major, K 332 (300k) (1)
- Sonata No. 14 in C minor, K 457 (1)
- 舒曼
- Carnaval, Op. 9 (2)
- Concerto in A minor, Op. 54 (2)
- Kinderszenen, Op. 15 (2)
- Kreisleriana, Op. 16 (2)
- Fantasia in C major, Op. 17 (1)
- 巴托克
- Concerto No. 3, Sz 119 (3)
- Hungarian Peasant Songs (15) for Piano, Sz 71 (1)
- 李斯特
- Concert Etudes (3), S 144: No. 3 in D flat major, Un sospiro (1)
- Concerto No. 1 in E flat major, S 124 (2)
- Grandes Etudes (6) de Paganini, S 141: No. 6 in A minor, Quasi Presto (1)
- Sonata in B minor, S 178 (1)
- 舒伯特
- Impromptus (4), D 935/Op. 142: No. 1 in F minor (1)
- Impromptus (4), D 935/Op. 142: No. 2 in A flat major (1)
- Impromptus (4), D 935/Op. 142: No. 4 in F minor (1)
- Sonata in A major, D 959 (1)
- Sonata in B flat major, D 960 (2)
- 肖邦
- Concerto No. 1 in E minor, B 53/Op. 11 (1)
- Scherzo No. 3 in C sharp minor, B 125/Op. 39 (1)
- 巴赫
- Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 in D major, BWV 1050
- 勃拉姆斯
- Sonata No. 3 in F minor, Op. 5
- 多赫南伊
- Rhapsodies (4), Op. 11: No. 2 in F sharp minor
- 海顿
- Sonata for Keyboard in F minor, H 17 No. 6
- 柯达伊
- Dances of Marosszék
- 门德尔松
- Rondo capriccioso in E major, Op. 14
评价
[编辑]她的演奏因“独特的强烈程度”和“风格轻松自如的乐句”(David Hurwitz),以及高超的技巧和精神深度,而闻名于世。她大受同行赞扬,如奥托·克伦佩勒、 斯维亚托斯拉夫·里赫特。里赫特写到“安妮·费舍尔伟大的艺术家,充满了崇高的精神和深厚的真情”。意大利钢琴家毛利齐奥·波里尼赞道“孩子般的自然,直接和神奇”他从她的演奏中获得。她的艺术体现在莫扎特、贝多芬、勃拉姆斯、舒伯特和舒曼,以及匈牙利作曲家如巴托克·贝拉,接连不断获得钢琴家和评论家最高的赞扬。
当前的问题是现有的20套贝多芬奏鸣曲全集录音,没有一套完全令人满意。这并不出人意料:32首非同寻常的组成方式,从严谨的古典主义穿越到感情强烈的浪漫主义,最高程度朴素的表达作曲家的思潮。从十分简单的段落到苛求极致精湛技艺的那些,在他们中没有人可以做到同等效力,但是一些人比其他人更接近,安妮·费舍尔是所有人当中最接近的[1]。
1995年费舍尔去世不久,Hungaroton唱片公司发行了费舍尔完整的32首贝多芬钢琴奏鸣曲录音,费舍尔为此工作了近20年,即便如此她也不认为这些录音适合发表。费舍尔是感情强烈且强而有力的钢琴家,她最强烈的反应出内心感触到的灵感和驱力。这在工作上是一大优势,如贝多芬奏鸣曲“Hammerklavier”,无出其右[2]。
个人生活
[编辑]她嫁给了名声显赫的评论家音乐学者托特·阿拉达尔(Tóth Aladár)。他们同葬于布达佩斯。
费舍尔是犹太人,二战期间匈牙利加入轴心国后,1940年和丈夫逃到瑞典。[3]战争结束后,1946年一同返回布达佩斯。她于1995年在那里去世。
参考资料
[编辑]- 参照
- ^ Copyright ? Alexander J. Morin, 1999.
- ^ Uncle Dave Lewis, All Music Guide
- ^ Bayley, Amanda. The Cambridge Companion to Bartók. Cambridge University Press. 2001: 188. ISBN 9780521669580.
参见
[编辑]外部链接
[编辑]- 费舍尔·安妮的Discogs页面(英文)
- Annie Fischer Legendary Pianist (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆) (生平介绍,录音目录,演出目录 以及 罕见照片)
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