莫蒂默·杰尔姆·阿德勒
外观
(重定向自莫蒂默·阿德勒)
莫蒂默·J·阿德勒 | |
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![]() 莫蒂默·J·阿德勒 | |
出生 | ![]() | 1902年12月28日
逝世 | 2001年6月28日![]() | (98岁)
时代 | 20世纪哲学 |
地区 | 西方哲学 |
学派 | 亚里士多德学者、托马斯主义学者、哲学 |
主要领域 | 哲理神学、形而上学、伦理学 |
莫蒂默·杰尔姆·阿德勒(英语:Mortimer Jerome Adler,1902年12月28日—2001年6月28日)是一名美国哲学家。
生平
[编辑]阿德勒于1902年12月28日出生在美国纽约市的一个犹太移民家庭。14岁从中学辍学后,成为纽约太阳报的送稿人员,他当时立志想要成为一名记者[1]。不久,阿德勒开始在夜间学习写作课程,从中他发现以下作者堪称英雄:柏拉图、亚里斯多德、托马斯·阿奎那、约翰·洛克、约翰·斯图尔特·密尔等等[2]。之后,他进入哥伦比亚大学继续学习,同时还向学生文艺杂志投稿。尽管由于没能通过必修的游泳测验,而没能获得学士学位(1983年,哥伦比亚大学授予了他一个荣誉学位以作为补偿),阿德勒还是留在了大学,最终得到了一个讲师的位置,并获得了心理学博士学位[3]。
1930年,阿德勒前往芝加哥大学,并由之前认识的朋友、新任校长罗伯特·梅纳德·哈钦斯安排为芝加哥大学法学院的法律哲学教授。然而他受到了芝加哥的一些哲学家的质疑,这些人对他“能否胜任哲学教授这个职责怀有重大疑问”,并且抵制阿德勒成为该大学哲学系的一分子。而同时,阿德勒也是该学校法学院有史以来第一个非律师出身的教师。
西方世界伟大名著项目的发起人。
1980年,梅耶轻松地问阿德勒,如果他去一个荒岛,准备带哪些书,阿德勒回答说是以下11本:
- 修昔底德的《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》 [1](页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- 5到6篇柏拉图的,《对话录》[2]
- 亚里斯多德的《伦理学(亚里士多德)|伦理学]]》和《政治学》
- 希波的圣奥古斯丁的《忏悔录》[3] (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- 普鲁塔克的《比较列传》[4] (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- 但丁的《神曲》
- 威廉·莎士比亚的一些戏剧
- 蒙田的《尝试集》[5]
- 斯威夫特的《格列佛游记》
- 约翰·洛克的《政府论》 [6] (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- 列夫·托尔斯泰的《战争与和平》
名言
[编辑]著作
[编辑]- Dialectic (1927)
- The Nature of Judicial Proof: An Inquiry into the Logical, Legal, and Empirical Aspects of the Law of Evidence (1931, with Jerome Michael)
- Diagrammatics (1932, with Maude Phelps Hutchins)
- Crime, Law and Social Science (1933, with Jerome Michael)
- Art and Prudence: A Study in Practical Philosophy (1937)
- What Man Has Made of Man: A Study of the Consequences of Platonism and Positivism in Psychology (1937)
- 哲学与科学 of Man: A Collection of Texts as a Foundation for Ethics and Politics (1940)
- 如何阅读一本书(How to Read a Book) (1940)(中文版 ISBN 9789570517989)
- A Dialectic of Morals: Towards the Foundations of Political Philosophy (1941)
- How to Think About War and Peace (1944)
- 教育革命 (1944, with Milton Mayer)
- The Capitalist Manifesto (1958, with Louis O. Kelso) ISBN 0837182107
- The Idea of Freedom: A Dialectical Examination of the Conceptions of Freedom (1958)
- The New Capitalists: A Proposal to Free Economic Growth from the Slavery of Savings (1961, with Louis O. Kelso)
- The Idea of Freedom: A Dialectical Examination of the Controversies about Freedom (1961)
- Great Ideas from the Great Books (1961)
- 哲学的条件: Its Checkered Past, Its Present Disorder, and Its Future Promise (1965)
- The Difference of Man and the Difference It Makes (1967)
- The Time of Our Lives: The Ethics of Common Sense (1970)
- The Common Sense of Politics (1971)
- The American Testament (1975, with William Gorman)
- Some Questions About Language: A Theory of Human Discourse and Its Objects (1976)
- Philosopher at Large: An Intellectual Autobiography (1977)
- Reforming Education: The Schooling of a People and Their Education Beyond Schooling (1977, edited by Geraldine Van Doren)
- 每个人的亚里斯多德: Difficult Thought Made Easy (1978) ISBN 0684838230
- How to Think About God: A Guide for the 20th-Century Pagan (1980) ISBN 0-02-016022-4
- 六种伟大思想(Six Great Ideas: Truth-Goodness-Beauty-Liberty-Equality-Justice) (1981) ISBN 0-02-072020-3
- The Angels and Us (1982)
- The Paideia Proposal: An Educational Manifesto (1982)
- How to Speak / How to Listen (1983) ISBN 0025005707
- Paideia Problems and Possibilities: A Consideration of Questions Raised by The Paideia Proposal (1983)
- A Vision of the Future: Twelve Ideas for a Better Life and a Better Society (1984) ISBN 0025002805
- The Paideia Program: An Educational Syllabus (1984, with Members of the Paideia Group)
- Ten Philosophical Mistakes (1985) ISBN 0-02-500330-5
- A Guidebook to Learning: For a Lifelong Pursuit of Wisdom (1986)
- We Hold These Truths: Understanding the Ideas and Ideals of the Constitution (1987)
- Reforming Education: The Opening of the American Mind (1988, edited by Geraldine Van Doren)
- Intellect: Mind Over Matter (1990)
- Truth in Religion: The Plurality of Religions and the Unity of Truth (1990)
- Haves Without Have-Nots: Essays for the 21st Century on Democracy and Socialism (1991) ISBN 0025005618
- Desires, Right & Wrong: The Ethics of Enough (1991)
- A Second Look in the Rearview Mirror: Further Autobiographical Reflections of a Philosopher At Large (1992)
- 伟大思想:西方思想的列克星敦 (1992)
- Natural Theology, Chance, and God (The Great Ideas Today, 1992)
- The Four Dimensions of Philosophy: Metaphysical-Moral-Objective-Categorical (1993)
- Art, the Arts, and the Great Ideas (1994)
- Adler's Philosophical Dictionary: 125 Key Terms for the Philosopher's Lexicon (1995)
编写
[编辑]- 新技术:奴隶还是主人 (in work, with Phillip W. Goetz)
- Scholasticism and Politics (1940)
- 西方世界伟大名著 (1952, 52册)
- A Syntopicon: An Index to The Great Ideas (1952, 2 volumes)
- The Great Ideas Today (1961-1977, 17 volumes, with Robert Hutchins)
- Gateway to the Great Books (1963, 10 volumes, with Robert Hutchins)
- The Annals of America (1968, 21 volumes)
- Propaedia: Outline of Knowledge and Guide to The New Encyclopædia Britannica 15th Edition (1974, 30 volumes)
- Great Treasury of Western Thought (1977, with Charles Van Doren)
- The Great Ideas Today (1978-1999, 20册)
- 西方世界伟大名著第二版(1990年,60册)
- A Syntopicon: An Index to The Great Ideas 2nd Edition (1990, 2 volumes)
参见
[编辑]参考资料
[编辑]- ^ Ralph McInerny. "Memento Mortimer" 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期2010-11-27.
- ^ Mortimer Adler: 1902-2001 — The Day Philosophy Died 互联网档案馆的存档,存档日期2011-04-10.
- ^ "Remarkable Columbians" Columbia U. website on Adler. [2011-05-27]. (原始内容存档于2021-02-20).
外部链接
[编辑]- Center for the Study of the Great Ideas (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
- 阿德勒档案
- Amazon.com:阿德勒的"desert island" books mentioned above (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆)
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