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File:Aurora Australis From ISS.JPG

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English: Aurora Australis Observed From the International Space Station

Among the views of Earth afforded astronauts aboard the International Space Station (ISS), surely one of the most spectacular is of the aurora. These ever-shifting displays of colored ribbons, curtains, rays, and spots are most visible near the North (aurora borealis) and South (aurora australis) Poles as charged particles (ions) streaming from the Sun (the solar wind) interact with Earth’s magnetic field.

While aurora are generally only visible close to the poles, severe magnetic storms impacting the Earth’s magnetic field can shift them towards the equator. This striking aurora image was taken during a geomagnetic storm that was most likely caused by a coronal mass ejection from the Sun on May 24, 2010. The ISS was located over the Southern Indian Ocean at an altitude of 350 kilometers (220 miles), with the astronaut observer most likely looking towards Antarctica (not visible) and the South Pole.

The aurora has a sinuous ribbon shape that separates into discrete spots near the lower right corner of the image. While the dominant coloration of the aurora is green, there are faint suggestions of red left of image center. Dense cloud cover is dimly visible below the aurora. The curvature of the Earth’s horizon (the limb) is clearly visible, as is the faint blue line of the upper atmosphere directly above it (at image top center). Several stars appear as bright pinpoints against the blackness of space at image top right.

Auroras happen when ions in the solar wind collide with atoms of oxygen and nitrogen in the upper atmosphere. The atoms are excited by these collisions, and they typically emit light as they return to their original energy level. The light creates the aurora that we see. The most commonly observed color of aurora is green, caused by light emitted by excited oxygen atoms at wavelengths centered at 0.558 micrometers, or millionths of a meter. (Visible light is reflected from healthy (green) plant leaves at approximately the same wavelength.) Red aurora are generated by light emitted at a longer wavelength (0.630 micrometers), and other colors such as blue and purple are also sometimes observed.


International Space Station InsigniaISS Crew Earth Observations: ISS023-E-58455International Space Station emblem
Identification
Mission ISS023 (Expedition 23)
Roll E
Frame 58455
Country or Geographic Name INDIAN OCEAN
Features AURORA AUSTRALIS, CLOUDS, EARTH LIMB, STARS
Camera
Camera Tilt High Oblique
Camera Nikon D3
Film 4256 x 2832 pixel CMOS sensor, 36.0mm x 23.9mm, total pixels: 12.87 million, Nikon FX format.
Quality
Percentage of Cloud Cover 51-75%
Nadir What is Nadir?
Date 2010-05-29
Time 16:11:36
Nadir Point Latitude -51.2° N
Nadir Point Longitude 93.3° E
Sun Azimuth 220°
Spacecraft Altitude 189 nautical miles (350 km)
Sun Elevation Angle -56°
Orbit Number 2055
日期
來源 Mission: ISS023 Roll: E Frame: 58455 Mission ID on the Film or image: ISS023
作者 ISS Expedition 23 crew
其他版本 File:Aurora Australis From ISS edit1.JPG - Slight Gaussian blur, to remove noise.
拍攝地點51° 11′ 41.1″ 南, 93° 17′ 55.1″ 東 Kartographer map based on OpenStreetMap.位於此地的本圖片與其他圖片: OpenStreetMapinfo
本圖像或影音收錄於美國國家航空暨太空總署 (NASA)休士頓太空中心(Johnson Space Center),其照片編號為: ISS023-E-58455

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Image acquired with a Nikon D3 digital camera, and is provided by the ISS Crew Earth Observations experiment and Image Science & Analysis Laboratory, Johnson Space Center.

Image courtesy of Earth Sciences and Image Analysis Laboratory, NASA Johnson Space Center.

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Public domain 本作品由NASA創作,屬於公有領域。根據NASA的版權政策:“NASA的創作除非另有聲明否則不受版權保護。”(參見:Template:PD-USGov/zhNASA版權政策JPL圖像使用政策
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遠征23 繁體中文 (已轉換拼寫)

著作權狀態 繁體中文 (已轉換拼寫)

斷定方法:​美國聯邦政府的作品 繁體中文 (已轉換拼寫)

視角坐標 繁體中文 (已轉換拼寫)

51°11'41.100"S, 93°17'55.100"E

攝影器材 繁體中文 (已轉換拼寫)

尼康D3 中文 (已轉換拼寫)

ISS023-E-58455

目錄 繁體中文 (已轉換拼寫):​Media catalogue of the Johnson Space Center 英文

多媒體型式 繁體中文 (已轉換拼寫)

image/jpeg

校驗和 繁體中文 (已轉換拼寫)

0cad2d35f1b2fd055675f5228e6bed0047227048

斷定方法:​SHA-1 中文 (已轉換拼寫)

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目前2012年2月8日 (三) 00:23於 2012年2月8日 (三) 00:23 版本的縮圖4,256 × 2,832(2.14 MB)MmxxReverted to version as of 15:51, 28 June 2010, FP at en-wiki en:Wikipedia:Featured picture candidates/Aurora Australis From ISS.JPG
2012年2月7日 (二) 23:43於 2012年2月7日 (二) 23:43 版本的縮圖4,256 × 2,832(2.7 MB)John Holmes IIColour of Earth brightened.
2010年6月28日 (一) 15:51於 2010年6月28日 (一) 15:51 版本的縮圖4,256 × 2,832(2.14 MB)Raekylargest size available
2010年6月28日 (一) 15:17於 2010年6月28日 (一) 15:17 版本的縮圖1,440 × 960(334 KB)Adam CuerdenSeems to be some odd post-processing. Upload original from http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/imagerecords/44000/44348/ISS023-E-58455_lrg.jpg
2010年6月21日 (一) 10:49於 2010年6月21日 (一) 10:49 版本的縮圖4,256 × 2,829(4.31 MB)Originalwana{{Information |Description={{en|1=This striking aurora image was taken during a geomagnetic storm that was most likely caused by a coronal mass ejection from the Sun on May 24, 2010. The ISS was located over the

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